Describe the use of: (a) iodine solution test for starch (b) Benedict’s solution test for reducing sugars (c) biuret test for proteins (d) ethanol emulsion test for fats and oils (e) DCPIP test for vitamin C
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State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: (a) starch, glycogen and cellulose from glucose (b) proteins from amino acids (c) fats and oils from fatty acids and glycerol
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List the chemical elements that make up: carbohydrates, fats and proteins
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State that protein carriers move molecules or ions across a membrane during active transport
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Explain the importance of active transport as a process for movement of molecules or ions across membranes, including ion uptake by root hairs
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Describe active transport as the movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration (i.e. against a concentration gradient), using energy from respiration
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Explain the importance of water potential and osmosis in the uptake and loss of water by organisms
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Explain the effects on plant cells of immersing them in solutions of different concentrations by using the terms: turgid, turgor pressure, plasmolysis, flaccid
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Describe osmosis as the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential (dilute solution) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated solution), through a partially permeable membrane
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State that plants are supported by the pressure of water inside the cells pressing outwards on the cell wall
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