IGCSE Biology

Describe chemical digestion as the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules

Outline the role of bile in emulsifying fats and oils to increase the surface area for chemical digestion

Describe the function of the stomach in physical digestion

Identify in diagrams and images the types of human teeth: incisors, canines, premolars and molars

Describe physical digestion as the breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change to the food molecules

Describe the functions of the organs of the digestive system in relation to: (a) ingestion – the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the body (b) digestion – the breakdown of food (c) absorption – the movement of nutrients from the intestines into the blood (d) assimilation – uptake and use of nutrients … Read more

Identify in diagrams and images the main organs of the digestive system, limited to: (a) alimentary canal: mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum and ileum) and large intestine (colon, rectum, anus) (b) associated organs: salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gall bladder

State the causes of scurvy and rickets

State the principal dietary sources and describe the importance of: (a) carbohydrates (b) fats and oils (c) proteins (d) vitamins, limited to C and D (e) mineral ions, limited to calcium and iron (f) fibre (roughage) (g) water

Describe what is meant by a balanced diet