IGCSE Biology

Describe genotype as the genetic make-up of an organism and in terms of the alleles present

Describe meiosis as a reduction division in which the chromosome number is halved from diploid to haploid resulting in genetically different cells (details of the stages of meiosis are not required)

State that during mitosis, the copies of chromosomes separate, maintaining the chromosome number in each daughter cell

State that the exact replication of chromosomes occurs before mitosis

State the role of mitosis in growth, repair of damaged tissues, replacement of cells and asexual reproduction

Describe mitosis as nuclear division giving rise to genetically identical cells (details of the stages of mitosis are not required)

State that in a diploid cell, there is a pair of each type of chromosome and in a human diploid cell there are 23 pairs

Describe a diploid nucleus as a nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes

Explain that most body cells in an organism contain the same genes, but many genes in a particular cell are not expressed because the cell only makes the specific proteins it needs

Explain how a protein is made, limited to: • the gene coding for the protein remains in the nucleus • messenger RNA (mRNA) is a copy of a gene • mRNA molecules are made in the nucleus and move to the cytoplasm • the mRNA passes through ribosomes • the ribosome assembles amino acids into … Read more