IB Biology

Top Questions

• Explain the undesirable effects of deforestation as an example of habitat destruction, to include: reducing biodiversity, extinction, loss of soil, flooding and increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
  Deforestation, the large-scale removal of trees from forested areas, has
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• State that through altering food webs and food chains, humans can have a negative impact on habitats
  Humans significantly influence ecosystems by altering food webs and food
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• Describe the reasons for habitat destruction, including: (a) increased area for housing, crop plant production and livestock production (b) extraction of natural resources (c) freshwater and marine pollution
  Habitat destruction is a critical environmental issue resulting from various
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• Describe biodiversity as the number of different species that live in an area
  Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth,
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• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modifying crops, including soya, maize and rice
  Genetically modified (GM) crops, such as soybeans, maize, and rice,
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• Outline the process of genetic modification using bacterial production of a human protein as an example, limited to: (a) isolation of the DNA making up a human gene using restriction enzymes, forming sticky ends (b) cutting of bacterial plasmid DNA with the same restriction enzymes, forming complementary sticky ends (c) insertion of human DNA into bacterial plasmid DNA using DNA ligase to form a recombinant plasmid (d) insertion of recombinant plasmids into bacteria (specific details are not required) (e) multiplication of bacteria containing recombinant plasmids (f) expression in bacteria of the human gene to make the human protein
  <h2 class="mb-2 mt-6 text-lg first:mt-3">Process of Genetic Modification Using Bacterial
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• Outline examples of genetic modification: (a) the insertion of human genes into bacteria to produce human proteins (b) the insertion of genes into crop plants to confer resistance to herbicides (c) the insertion of genes into crop plants to confer resistance to insect pests (d) the insertion of genes into crop plants to improve nutritional qualities
  <h2 class="mb-2 mt-6 text-lg first:mt-3">Examples of Genetic Modification</h2> Genetic modification involves
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