Outline the theory of evolution as a process leading to the formation of new species from pre-existing species over time, as a result of changes to gene pools from generation to generation
1 Answer Outline the following examples of selective breeding: • the introduction of disease resistance to varieties of wheat and rice • inbreeding and hybridisation to produce vigorous, uniform varieties of maize • improving the milk yield of dairy cattle
1 Answer Describe the principles of selective breeding (artificial selection)
1 Answer Use the Hardy–Weinberg principle to calculate allele and genotype frequencies in populations and state the conditions when this principle can be applied (the two equations for the Hardy–Weinberg principle will be provided, as shown in the Mathematical requirements)
1 Answer Outline how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics as an example of natural selection
1 Answer Explain how selection, the founder effect and genetic drift, including the bottleneck effect, may affect allele frequencies in populations
1 Answer Explain how environmental factors can act as stabilising, disruptive and directional forces of natural selection
1 Answer Explain that natural selection occurs because populations have the capacity to produce many offspring that compete for resources; in the ‘struggle for existence’, individuals that are best adapted are most likely to survive to reproduce and pass on their alleles to the next generation
1 Answer Use the t-test to compare the means of two different samples (the formula for the t-test will be provided, as shown in the Mathematical requirements)
1 Answer Explain the genetic basis of discontinuous variation and continuous variation
1 Answer
Sourav Pan
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Sourav Pan
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