Calculate RQ values of different respiratory substrates from equations for respiration
AS and A Level Biology
State that the respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of the number of molecules of carbon dioxide produced to the number of molecules of oxygen taken in, as a result of respiration
State that the respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of the number of molecules of carbon dioxide produced to the number of molecules of oxygen taken in, as a result of respiration
Explain the relative energy values of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as respiratory substrates
Explain the relative energy values of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as respiratory substrates
Describe the features of ATP that make it suitable as the universal energy currency
Describe the features of ATP that make it suitable as the universal energy currency
Outline the need for energy in living organisms, as illustrated by active transport, movement and anabolic reactions, such as those occurring in DNA replication and protein synthesis
Outline the need for energy in living organisms, as illustrated by active transport, movement and anabolic reactions, such as those occurring in DNA replication and protein synthesis
Outline how penicillin acts on bacteria and why antibiotics do not affect viruses
Outline how penicillin acts on bacteria and why antibiotics do not affect viruses
Outline the hybridoma method for the production of monoclonal antibodies
Outline the hybridoma method for the production of monoclonal antibodies
Explain that vaccines contain antigens that stimulate immune responses to provide long-term immunity
Explain that vaccines contain antigens that stimulate immune responses to provide long-term immunity
Explain how vaccination programmes can help to control the spread of infectious diseases
Explain how vaccination programmes can help to control the spread of infectious diseases
Explain the role of memory cells in the secondary immune response and in long-term immunity
Explain the role of memory cells in the secondary immune response and in long-term immunity