(Higher tier) What happens to excess amino acids from protein digestion, and how does the liver process them for safe excretion?
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How does the body manage excess water, ions, and urea, and what role do the kidneys play in filtering and reabsorbing these substances?
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What is osmosis, and how can osmotic changes in body fluids affect cell function?
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How does the body maintain water and nitrogen balance, and what roles do the kidneys, lungs, and skin play in this process?
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How can data from graphs showing insulin’s effect on blood glucose levels in people with and without diabetes be used to better understand the impact of insulin?
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Why is obesity considered a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, and how might dietary and lifestyle changes help manage the condition?
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What are the key differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in terms of insulin production and response, and how are these conditions managed?
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What happens when blood glucose levels are too high or too low, and how do insulin and glucagon act to bring these levels back to normal?
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How does the pancreas regulate blood glucose concentration, and what roles do insulin and glucagon play in maintaining stable levels?
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How does mimicry in plants work to protect them from animals?
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