When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm, and an angiosperm?

– Liverwort: Reduction division (meiosis) occurs in the capsule during spore formation. – Moss: Meiosis takes place in the capsule (sporangium) of the sporophyte during spore formation. – Fern: Meiosis occurs in the sporangia located on the sporophylls (fertile leaves) during spore production. – Gymnosperm: Meiosis happens in the microsporangia and megasporangia of cones, producing microspores (pollen grains) and megaspores, respectively. – Angiosperm: Meiosis occurs in the microspore mother cells within the anthers and in the megaspore mother cells within the ovules, leading to the formation of pollen grains and embryo sacs.