what is rhizosphere acidification

Rhizosphere acidification is the process by which plant roots lower the pH in the surrounding soil zone. It occurs through proton (H⁺) excretion or organic acid release during nutrient uptake, especially under phosphorus or iron deficiency. Acidification enhances solubility of certain nutrients, making them more available. It also affects microbial activity, favoring acid-tolerant species and influencing nutrient-microbe dynamics.