State that mutation is the way in which new alleles are formed

Mutation is the fundamental mechanism through which new alleles are formed in the genetic makeup of organisms. These changes in the DNA sequence can introduce variations that contribute to genetic diversity within a population.

Key Points

• Definition of Alleles: Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome. They can result in variations in traits among individuals of the same species.
• Mechanism of Mutation: Mutations can occur in several ways, including point mutations, insertions, deletions, and large-scale chromosomal changes. Each of these types of mutations can lead to the creation of new alleles.
• Impact on Genetic Diversity: The formation of new alleles through mutation is essential for evolution and adaptation. It provides the genetic variation necessary for natural selection to act upon, allowing populations to adapt to changing environments over time.