Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them.

– The three groups of plants that bear archegonia are: 1. Bryophytes (e.g., mosses, liverworts) 2. Pteridophytes (e.g., ferns) 3. Gymnosperms (e.g., conifers) – Life cycle of a moss (bryophyte): The dominant phase is the gametophyte, which is haploid. It produces sex organs: antheridia (male) and archegonia (female). Fertilization occurs in the archegonium, leading to the formation of a diploid zygote. The zygote develops into a sporophyte, which remains attached to the gametophyte. The sporophyte produces haploid spores through meiosis in the capsule. These spores germinate to form new gametophytes, completing the cycle.