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Telomeres function by safeguarding the ends of chromosomes from deterioration, degradation, and improper recombination events. They are repetitive sequences of DNA that do not code for genes but serve as protective caps at the chromosome ends. During cell division, DNA replication machinery is unable to completely replicate the ends of chromosomes, leading to a gradual loss of telomeric repeats with each division. Telomeres act as a buffer region, so that vital genetic information in the coding regions of the chromosomes is not lost. As telomeres shorten over time, the cell eventually reaches a point where it can no longer divide, contributing to the aging process and limiting the ability of cells to regenerate damaged tissues.
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BNO Team