Describe the events taking place during interphase.

Interphase is the preparatory phase of the cell cycle, occurring before mitosis, during which the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for division.

It consists of three sequential phases: G₁ (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), and G₂ (Gap 2).

G₁ Phase:

• The cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins and organelles.

• Metabolic activities are high, and the cell performs its specialized functions.

• The G₁ checkpoint ensures the cell is ready for DNA replication.

S Phase:

• DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes.

• Each chromosome now consists of two sister chromatids.

• Centrosomes are also duplicated in preparation for mitosis.

G₂ Phase:

• The cell continues to grow and produces proteins necessary for mitosis.

• The G₂ checkpoint verifies that DNA replication has occurred correctly and repairs any DNA damage.

Some cells may enter a quiescent state called G₀, where they exit the cell cycle and do not divide unless stimulated.

Interphase is crucial for ensuring that the cell is ready for mitosis, with accurate DNA replication and sufficient cellular resources.