Page 181 – Biology Notes Online

Type III Hypersensitivity – Definition, Types, Mechanism, Examples

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 17 min readby Editorial Team

What is Type III Hypersensitivity? Definition of Type III Hypersensitivity Type III hypersensitivity is an allergic reaction characterized by the accumulation of immune complexes (antigen-antibody complexes) in tissues, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. Types of Type III hypersensitivity reaction Type III hypersensitivity reactions can be categorized into localized and generalized reactions. The manifestation of … Read more

Major Histocompatibility Complex I – Definition, Structure, Mechanism, Functions

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 16 min readby Editorial Team

What is Class I MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules? Cellular Distribution of Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I) Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I) Structure The majority of nucleated cells have an assortment of MHC class I proteins. The peptides bound by these MHC class I molecules are typically endogenous, or derived from the breakdown … Read more

Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 22 min readby Editorial Team

What is Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)? Definition of Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) is an immune response mediated by T cells rather than antibodies, characterized by a delayed onset (usually 24-72 hours) after exposure to an antigen. It involves the interaction of CD4+ T cells, monocytes, … Read more

Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHC II molecules) – Structure, Mechanism and Functions

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 17 min readby Editorial Team

What is Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHC II molecules)? Cellular Distribution of Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHC II molecules) Structure of Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHC II molecules) As stated previously, MHC class II molecules are nearly exclusively located on APCs. The peptides bound by MHC class II are produced from the breakdown of proteins … Read more

Lymph Nodes – Definition, Location, Structure and Functions

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 14 min readby Editorial Team

What is Lymph Nodes? Definition of Lymph Nodes Lymph nodes are small organs in the lymphatic system that filter lymph and play a critical role in the body’s immune response. Location of Lymph Nodes Size of Lymph Nodes The size of lymph nodes can vary depending on their location within the body. Here are some general guidelines … Read more

Passive Immunization – Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages, Examples

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 12 min readby Editorial Team

What is Passive Immunization? Definition of Passive Immunization Passive immunization refers to the direct administration of pre-formed antibodies or immune cells from another individual to provide immediate protection against infectious agents or toxins. Process of Passive Immunization Passive immunization involves the direct transfer of pre-formed antibodies or immune cells from a donor to an individual … Read more

Bone Marrow – Definition, Types, Structure and Functions

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 24 min readby Editorial Team

What is Bone Marrow? Definition of Bone Marrow Bone marrow is the soft tissue found within the cavities of bones that produces various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Location of Bone Marrow The location of bone marrow within the human body is widely distributed, but it undergoes changes … Read more

Spleen – Definition, Location, Structure and Functions

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 14 min readby Editorial Team

What is Spleen? Definition of Spleen The spleen is a large organ located on the left side of the body, below the diaphragm. It acts as a blood filter and plays important roles in immune function, removing old red blood cells, recycling iron, and storing a reserve of blood cells. It is part of the … Read more

Immunoglobulin G (IgG Antibody)- Definition, Structure, Subclasses and Functions

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 10 min readby Editorial Team

What is Immunoglobulin G (IgG Antibody)? Definition of Immunoglobulin G (IgG Antibody) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most common type of antibody in the human body, representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies. It plays a crucial role in protecting against bacterial and viral infections by binding to specific antigens and activating immune responses. Structure of … Read more

Active Immunization – Definition, Mechanism, Advantages, Disadvantages, Examples

• Published on April 9, 2024 • 9 min readby Editorial Team

What is Active Immunization? Definition of Active Immunization Active immunization refers to the process of inducing immunity in an individual by administering a vaccine or exposing them to a specific pathogen, triggering an immune response and the development of lasting protection against future infections. Mechanism of Active Immunization Active immunization works by stimulating the immune … Read more