Questions and Answers

Which gene is required for the lysogenic phage to be adopted? How can the calm lysogenic period of a bacteriophage be terminated?

How can bacteriophages be isolated from the environment?

What do you understand by “Temperate Infection”?

Toxoid can be prepared from the exotoxins but not from endotoxins — How will you distinguish between exotoxins and endotoxins of pathogenic bacteria?

What are different approaches to gene therapy? Discuss the success and failure of each.

What do you mean by the term ‘spontaneous prophage induction’?

Why are diseases caused by opportunists becoming virulent more frequently?

A young girl who had never been immunized ot tetanus stepped on a
rusty nail and got wounded. Doctor gave the child an injection of tetanus antitoxin. i Why was antitoxin given instead of a booster shot of tetanus
toxoid? Explain.
(ii) If the girl receives no further treatment and steps on a rusty nail again 3yrs. later, will she be immune ot tetanus?

Define anaphylatoxins. Give one example.

Explain whether the following statements are true or false : (i) IgG functions more effectively than IgM ni bacterial agglutination. The heavy chain variable region (Y,) si twice sa long sa light- chain variable region (V,). (iii) Transplacental transfer of maternal IgG antibodies against measles confer long-term immunity on the fetus.