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Describe the differences in composition between inspired and expired air, limited to: oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour
1 Answer Investigate the differences in composition between inspired and expired air using limewater as a test for carbon dioxide
1 Answer Identify in diagrams and images the following parts of the breathing system: lungs, diaphragm, ribs, intercostal muscles, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and associated capillaries
1 Answer Describe the features of gas exchange surfaces in humans, limited to: large surface area, thin surface, good blood supply and good ventilation with air
1 Answer Explain that the cholera bacterium produces a toxin that causes secretion of chloride ions into the small intestine, causing osmotic movement of water into the gut, causing diarrhoea, dehydration and loss of ions from the blood
1 Answer Describe cholera as a disease caused by a bacterium which is transmitted in contaminated water
1 Answer State that memory cells are not produced in passive immunity
1 Answer Explain that passive immunity is a short-term defence against a pathogen by antibodies acquired from another individual, including across the placenta and in breast milk
1 Answer Explain the role of vaccination in controlling the spread of diseases
1 Answer Outline the process of vaccination: (a) weakened pathogens or their antigens are put into the body (b) the antigens stimulate an immune response by lymphocytes which produce antibodies (c) memory cells are produced that give long-term immunity
1 Answer
Sourav Pan
Sourav Pan
Sourav Pan
Sourav Pan
Sourav Pan
Sourav Pan
Sourav Pan