Contribution of Microbiologist: Selman Waksman, Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Charles Nicolle, Gerhard Domagk, Howard Florey, Ernst Chain, Max Theiler.
1. Julius Wagner-Jauregg
Julius Wagner-Jauregg was born on 7 March 1857.
He was an Austrian physician.
In 1927 he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
His other name is Julius Wagner.
He died at the age of 83 on 27 September 1940.
Contribution
He discovered the malariotherapy, in which he used malaria parasites for treatment of dementia paralytica disease.
He developed secondary sexual characteristics and diminished psychosis with the administration of thyroid and ovarian preparations to young psychotic patients.
2. Charles Nicolle
The full name of Charles Nicolle is Charles Jules Henry Nicolle.
He was born on 21 September 1866 in Rouen, France.
He was a French bacteriologist.
He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his contribution.
He died at the age of 69 on 28 February 1936.
Contribution
Charles Nicolle discovered the transmission processes of typhus fever. He discovered that that typhus is transmitted by body lice, for this he received The Nobel Prize.
Introduction of a vaccination for Malta fever.
Discovered the transmission method of tick fever.
Identify the Toxoplasma gondii , which was found in tissues of the gundi.
3. Gerhard Domagk
The full name of Gerhard Domagk is Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk.
He was born on 30 October 1895 in Lagow, Brandenburg
He was a German pathologist and bacteriologist.
He received a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
He died at the age of 68 on 24 April 1964.
Contribution
He discovered the Sulfonamidochrysoidine (KI-730), which was the first commercially available antibiotic. The brand name was Prontosil.
4. Howard Florey
The full name of Howard Florey is Howard Walter Florey.
He was born on 24 September 1898 in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
He was a Australian pharmacologist and pathologist.
He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Sir Ernst Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the development of penicillin.
He died at the age of 69 on 21 February 1968.
Contribution
He carried out the first ever clinical trials of penicillin in 1941, his first patient was a police constable from Oxford.
He discovered the properties of penicillin.
5. Ernst Chain
The full name of Ernst Chain is Sir Ernst Boris Chain.
He was born on 19 June 1906 in Berlin, Germany.
He was a German pathologist and bacteriologist.
He received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.
He died at the age of 73 on 12 August 1979.
Contribution
Chain and Florey discovered the chemical composition and therapeutic action of penicillin.
They also discovered how to isolate and concentrate the germ-killing agent in penicillin.
6. Selman Waksman
The full name of Selman Waksman is Selman Abraham Waksman.
He was born on July 22, 1888 in Nova Pryluka, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire.
He was a Ukrainian-born Jewish-American inventor, biochemist and microbiologist.
In 1952, He received a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for “ingenious, systematic and successful studies of the soil microbes that led to the discovery of streptomycin.”
He died at the age of 85 on August 16, 1973.
Contribution
He discovered streptomycin and other antibiotics.
7. Max Theiler
He was a South African-American virologist and physician.
He was born on 30 January 1899 in Pretoria, South African Republic.
He was the first African-born Nobel laureate.
He died at the age of 73 on 11 August 1972.
In 1951, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions.
Contribution
Max Theiler developed a vaccine against yellow fever, for this he also received The Nobel Prize in 1951.
MLA style: Charles Nicolle – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2020. Mon. 27 Jul 2020. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1928/nicolle/biographical/>
