Comparison Between Gram Stain and Acid Fast

By BNO Team Published on May 20, 2024 2 min readby BNO Team

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Comparison Between Gram Stain and Acid Fast

S.No	Characteristics	Gram Stain	Acid Fast
1	Definition	Gram stain refers to a staining technique for the preliminary identification of bacteria, in which a violet dye is applied, followed by a decolorizing agent and then a red dye.	The acid-fast stain refers to a differential stain used to identify acid-fast organisms such as members of the genus Mycobacterium.
2	Purpose	Gram stain is used to distinguish between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria.	A cid-fast stain is used to distinguish between acid-fast bacteria and non-acid fast bacteria.
3	Type of characterization	Gram stain characterizes bacteria with different types of cell walls	Acid-fast stain characterizes bacteria with mycolic acid in the cell wall.
4	Primary Stain	Crystal violet is used as a primary stain in Gram staining.	Carbol fuchsin is used as a primary stain in Acid Fast staining.
5	Mordant	Iodine is used as mordant in Gram staining.	Phenol acts as a mordant in Acid Fast staining.
6	CounterStain	Safranin is used as a counterstain in Gram staining.	Methylene blue is used as a counterstain in Acid Fast staining.
7	Appearing	In Gram stain, Gram-positive bacteria appear in blue color while Gram-negative bacteria appear in red color.	In acid-fast stain, acid-fast bacteria appear in red color while non-acid-fast bacteria appear in blue color.
8	Microorganisms	Example of Gram-Positive Bacteria: Lactobacillus, Nocardia, Bacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium, Actinomyces, Streptomyces, Enterococcus, Listria,Gardnerella, Cornyebacterium, Mycoplasma, Streptococcus. Example of Gram-Negative Bacteria: Helicobcater, Escherichia, Shigella, Hemophilus, Neisseria, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Vibrio, Chlamydia, Salmonella.	Nocardia spp (Partial Acid Fast), Rhodococcus spp (Partial Acid Fast), Legionella micdadei (Partial Acid Fast in tissue), Cyst of Cryptosporidium (Acid Fast), Cyst of Isospora (Acid Fast)

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