BNO Team

What is Pasteurization? Definition of Pasteurization Pasteurization is a process of treating food and beverages with mild heat to eliminate pathogens and extend shelf life while minimizing changes to nutritional quality and sensory characteristics. History of Pasteurization  Purpose of Pasteurization The purpose of pasteurization is to achieve several important objectives in food preservation and safety. … Read more

What is Ozone Treatment? Properties of ozone Ozone, with the chemical formula O3, is a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms bonded together. It possesses several unique properties that contribute to its wide range of applications and effects: These properties make ozone a valuable tool in various industries, including water treatment, air purification, food preservation, … Read more

What is Yersinia enterocolitica? Characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia enterocolitica possesses several characteristic features: These characteristics collectively contribute to the identification and classification of Y. enterocolitica within the Yersinia genus and aid in understanding its behavior and survival in various environments. Contamination Source of Yersinia enterocolitica Food Poisoning Signs and Symptoms Yersinia enterocolitica Food Poisoning Pathogenic Mechanism Yersinia enterocolitica … Read more

Preservation of milk and milk products refers to the methods and techniques used to prevent or slow down the spoilage and deterioration of these products, thereby extending their shelf life and maintaining their quality and safety. Preservation methods aim to inhibit or control the growth of microorganisms, enzymes, and other factors that can lead to … Read more

What is Microbial Spoilage of Milk and Milk Products? Contamination Source for Spoilage of Milk and Milk Products Contamination sources for the spoilage of milk and milk products can originate from various points within the production and processing chain. Here are some key sources of contamination: Spoilage of milk Spoilage of milk refers to the … Read more

Preservation of meat and meat products from microbial spoilage is crucial for several reasons: By implementing appropriate preservation methods, following good manufacturing practices, and adhering to recommended storage and handling guidelines, the risks associated with microbial spoilage can be minimized, ensuring the safety, quality, and availability of meat and meat products for consumers. Methods for … Read more

What is a Chocolate? Contamination source of chocolate The delightful world of chocolate, while enchanting, is not immune to potential sources of contamination. Several factors can contribute to the presence of contaminants in chocolate, compromising its quality and safety. Let’s delve into some of the key sources of contamination associated with this beloved treat. In … Read more

What are Confectionaries? Contamination source of confectionaries When it comes to the production of confectionaries, it is crucial to be aware of potential sources of contamination that may compromise the quality and safety of these delightful treats. Several factors can contribute to the contamination of confectionaries, ranging from the raw ingredients used to the equipment … Read more

Microbial spoilage of beverages poses a significant challenge in the beverage industry, as it can lead to the degradation of taste, quality, and safety of the products. Beverages, apart from water, encompass a wide range of drinkable liquids, including hot drinks, milk drinks, soft drinks, and alcoholic beverages. These beverages can be further classified into … Read more