When is glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis highest?

Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis are highest during fasting states or prolonged periods without food, typically after overnight fasting or in between meals. Glycogenolysis occurs first as the body breaks down glycogen stores to release glucose for energy. Once glycogen stores are depleted, gluconeogenesis becomes the primary process for glucose production, synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors like lactate, pyruvate, and amino acids. Both processes are highest during fasting, stress, or prolonged exercise.