What is the metabolic fate of pyruvate?

Sourav PanDecember 14, 2024

Answered

The metabolic fate of pyruvate depends on oxygen availability. In aerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria, which enters the citric acid cycle and leads to oxidative phosphorylation, producing large amounts of ATP. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into lactate in muscle cells via lactic acid fermentation, or into ethanol and CO2 in yeast and some microorganisms via alcoholic fermentation. Both anaerobic pathways regenerate NAD+ to allow glycolysis to continue, though they are much less efficient in terms of ATP production than aerobic respiration.

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