What is glycogenesis and glycogenolysis?

Glycogenesis and glycogenolysis are opposing processes involved in the regulation of glycogen storage and breakdown. Glycogenesis is the process by which glucose molecules are linked together to form glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles. This process is activated when blood glucose levels are high, typically after eating. Glycogenolysis, in contrast, is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose when the body needs glucose for energy, especially during periods of fasting or exercise. The enzymes involved in glycogenesis and glycogenolysis are regulated by hormones like insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine, which help maintain blood glucose homeostasis.