Biosensors are sophisticated analytical devices that combine biological components, such as enzymes, antibodies, or nucleic acids, with electronic systems to detect specific chemical substances. They operate by converting a biological response into an electrical signal, enabling quantitative analysis of various analytes. These devices are widely used in multiple fields, including healthcare, environmental monitoring, food safety, and biotechnology. Their ability to provide real-time, accurate, and sensitive detection makes them invaluable tools in modern science and industry.