Questions and Answers

Describe the role of red blood cells in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide with reference to the roles of: • haemoglobin • carbonic anhydrase • the formation of haemoglobinic acid • the formation of carbaminohaemoglobin

State the functions of tissue fluid and describe the formation of tissue fluid in a capillary network

State that water is the main component of blood and tissue fluid and relate the properties of water to its role in transport in mammals, limited to solvent action and high specific heat capacity

Recognise and draw red blood cells, monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes from microscope slides, photomicrographs and electron micrographs

Explain how the structure of muscular arteries, elastic arteries, veins and capillaries are each related to their functions

Recognise arteries, veins and capillaries from microscope slides, photomicrographs and electron micrographs and make plan diagrams showing the structure of arteries and veins in transverse section (TS) and longitudinal section (LS)

Describe the functions of the main blood vessels of the pulmonary and systemic circulations, limited to pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta and vena cava

State that assimilates dissolved in water, such as sucrose and amino acids, move from sources to sinks in phloem sieve tubes

Explain how companion cells transfer assimilates to phloem sieve tubes, with reference to proton pumps and cotransporter proteins

Make annotated drawings of transverse sections of leaves from xerophytic plants to explain how they are adapted to reduce water loss by transpiration