Questions and Answers

Describe coronary heart disease in terms of the blockage of coronary arteries and state the possible risk factors including diet, sedentary lifestyle, stress, smoking, genetic predisposition, age and gender

Investigate and explain the effect of physical activity on heart rate

State that blood is pumped away from the heart in arteries and returns to the heart in veins

Describe the functioning of the heart in terms of the contraction of muscles of the atria and ventricles and the action of the valves in a heartbeat

Explain the relative thickness: (a) of the muscle walls of the left and right ventricles (b) of the muscle walls of the atria compared to those of the ventricles

Outline how the oxygen debt is removed after exercise, limited to: (a) continuation of fast heart rate to transport lactic acid in blood from muscles to the liver (b) continuation of deeper and faster breathing to supply oxygen for the breakdown of lactic acid in the liver

Explain why lactic acid builds up in muscles and blood during vigorous exercise causing Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) or an ‘oxygen debt’

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans

Describe anaerobic respiration as the release of a relatively small amount of energy by the breakdown of glucose without using oxygen