Explain: (a) the effects of wind speed, and the variation of temperature, humidity and light intensity on transpiration rate (b) how wilting occurs

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Understand that water evaporates from the surfaces of the mesophyll cells into air spaces and then diffuses out of the leaves through the stomata as water vapour

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Explain the importance of magnesium ions for making chlorophyll

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Explain the importance of nitrate ions for making amino acids, required for the production of proteins

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Identify and label the cuticle, cellular and tissue structures of a dicotyledonous leaf, as seen in diagrams or photomicrographs, and explain how these structures are adaptations for photosynthesis and gas exchange, limited to: (a) stomata and guard cells (b) spongy and palisade mesophyll cells (c) air spaces (d) vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) (e) distribution of chloroplasts (f) upper and lower epidermis

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State that most leaves have a large surface area and are thin, and explain how these features are adaptations for photosynthesis

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Identify and explain the limiting factors of photosynthesis in different environmental conditions

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Investigate the effect of varying light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature on the rate of photosynthesis using submerged aquatic plants and hydrogencarbonate indicator solution

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Describe and explain the effect of varying light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature on the rate of photosynthesis

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Investigate the need for chlorophyll, light and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, using appropriate controls

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