How should the ethics of scientific research, particularly the use of invertebrates in respirometer experiments, be assessed?

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How can experiments involving respirometers measure respiration rates in germinating seeds or invertebrates, and what do these results show?

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Why does lactate production occur in humans during anaerobic respiration, and how does it help maximize muscle contraction power?

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How is anaerobic cell respiration in yeasts used to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide in baking?

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Why does aerobic cell respiration require oxygen, and how does it provide a large yield of ATP from glucose?

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How does anaerobic cell respiration result in a small yield of ATP from glucose?

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How is ATP from cell respiration immediately available as an energy source in the cell?

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What is cell respiration, and how does it control the release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP?

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How did Meselson and Stahl obtain evidence to support the theory of semi-conservative DNA replication, contributing to scientific theories?

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How can the DNA base sequence be deduced from a given mRNA strand?

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