What is the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission?
What is the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission?
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When the brain is deprived of oxygen, the mitochondria within neurons cease producing ATP. What effect would this have on the membrane potential? Why?
When the brain is deprived of oxygen, the mitochondria within neurons cease producing ATP. What effect would this have on the membrane potential? Why?
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There is a much greater K concentration inside the cell than outside. Why, then, is the resting membrane potential negative?
There is a much greater K concentration inside the cell than outside. Why, then, is the resting membrane potential negative?
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When the membrane is at the potassium equilibrium potential, in which direction (in or out) is there a net movement of potassium ions?
When the membrane is at the potassium equilibrium potential, in which direction (in or out) is there a net movement of potassium ions?
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On which side of the neuronal membrane are Na ions more abundant?
On which side of the neuronal membrane are Na ions more abundant?
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What two functions do proteins in the neuronal membrane perform to establish and maintain the resting membrane potential?
What two functions do proteins in the neuronal membrane perform to establish and maintain the resting membrane potential?
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What are the steps in the scientific process? Describe each one.
What are the steps in the scientific process? Describe each one.
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What are the different levels of analysis in neuroscience research? What questions do research- ers ask at each level?
What are the different levels of analysis in neuroscience research? What questions do research- ers ask at each level?
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A region of the cerebrum is now called Broca’s area. What function do you think this region performs, and why?
A region of the cerebrum is now called Broca’s area. What function do you think this region performs, and why?
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What is the meaning of the term animal model?
What is the meaning of the term animal model?
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Top Questions
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Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modifying crops, including soya, maize and rice
Sourav
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Outline the process of genetic modification using bacterial production of a human protein as an example, limited to: (a) isolation of the DNA making up a human gene using restriction enzymes, forming sticky ends (b) cutting of bacterial plasmid DNA with the same restriction enzymes, forming complementary sticky ends (c) insertion of human DNA into bacterial plasmid DNA using DNA ligase to form a recombinant plasmid (d) insertion of recombinant plasmids into bacteria (specific details are not required) (e) multiplication of bacteria containing recombinant plasmids (f) expression in bacteria of the human gene to make the human protein
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Outline examples of genetic modification: (a) the insertion of human genes into bacteria to produce human proteins (b) the insertion of genes into crop plants to confer resistance to herbicides (c) the insertion of genes into crop plants to confer resistance to insect pests (d) the insertion of genes into crop plants to improve nutritional qualities
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Describe genetic modification as changing the genetic material of an organism by removing, changing or inserting individual genes
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Describe and explain the conditions that need to be controlled in a fermenter, including: temperature, pH, oxygen, nutrient supply and waste products
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Describe how fermenters can be used for the large-scale production of useful products by bacteria and fungi, including insulin, penicillin and mycoprotein