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Use the chi-squared test to test the significance of differences between observed and expected results (the formula for the chi-squared test will be provided, as shown in the Mathematical requirements)
Interpret and construct genetic diagrams, including Punnett squares, to explain and predict the results of test crosses
Interpret and construct genetic diagrams, including Punnett squares, to explain and predict the results of dihybrid crosses that involve autosomal linkage and epistasis (knowledge of the expected ratios for different types of epistasis is not expected)
Interpret and construct genetic diagrams, including Punnett squares, to explain and predict the results of monohybrid crosses and dihybrid crosses that involve dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and sex linkage
Explain the terms gene, locus, allele, dominant, recessive, codominant, linkage, test cross, F1, F2, phenotype, genotype, homozygous and heterozygous
Explain that the random fusion of gametes at fertilisation produces genetically different individuals
Explain that crossing over and random orientation (independent assortment) of pairs of homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids during meiosis produces genetically different gametes
Interpret photomicrographs and diagrams of cells in different stages of meiosis and identify the main stages of meiosis
Describe the behaviour of chromosomes in plant and animal cells during meiosis and the associated behaviour of the nuclear envelope, the cell surface membrane and the spindle (names of the main stages of meiosis, but not the sub-divisions of prophase I, are expected: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II and telophase II)
Explain the need for a reduction division during meiosis in the production of gametes
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