How are hormones like FSH and LH used in fertility treatments, and how do they assist in helping a woman conceive naturally?

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How does ADH regulate water levels in the body through kidney tubules, and what treatment options exist for individuals with kidney failure?

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(Higher tier) What happens to excess amino acids from protein digestion, and how does the liver process them for safe excretion?

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How does the body manage excess water, ions, and urea, and what role do the kidneys play in filtering and reabsorbing these substances?

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What is osmosis, and how can osmotic changes in body fluids affect cell function?

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How does the body maintain water and nitrogen balance, and what roles do the kidneys, lungs, and skin play in this process?

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How can data from graphs showing insulin’s effect on blood glucose levels in people with and without diabetes be used to better understand the impact of insulin?

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Why is obesity considered a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, and how might dietary and lifestyle changes help manage the condition?

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What are the key differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in terms of insulin production and response, and how are these conditions managed?

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What happens when blood glucose levels are too high or too low, and how do insulin and glucagon act to bring these levels back to normal?

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