Genetics and Plant Breeding - Discipline Centric Elective Botany

Genetics and Plant Breeding – Discipline Centric Elective Botany

Published on: September 14, 2024Last updated on: September 14, 2024
Author: Sourav

This course offers an in-depth exploration of the fundamental principles of genetics and their application in plant breeding. It is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of heredity, genetic variation, and the techniques used to improve crop plants. Through lectures and practical sessions, students will gain insights into Mendelian genetics, chromosomal behavior, mutation mechanisms, and modern plant breeding methods. The course emphasizes both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, equipping students with the tools needed to address challenges in plant genetic improvement.

Syllabus9 lessons

1
Heredity

Learn about Heredity

Laws of Inheritance
Modified Mendelian Ratios: 2:1 (lethal Genes); 1:2:1 (Co-dominance, incomplete dominance); 9:7; 9:4:3; 13:3; 12:3:1
Chi-Square Test
Pedigree Analysis
Cytoplasmic Inheritance: Shell Coiling in Snail, Kappa particles in Paramecium, Leaf Variegation in Mirabilis jalapa, Male Sterility
Multiple Allelism
Pleiotropism
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

2
Sex-Determination and Sex-Linked Inheritance

Learn about Sex-Determination and Sex-Linked Inheritance

Sex Determination
Sex-linked Inheritance

3
Linkage and Crossing Over

Learn about Linkage and Crossing Over

Linkage: Concept & History, Complete & Incomplete Linkage, Bridges Experiment, Coupling & Repulsion, Recombination Frequency
Crossing Over: Concept and Significance, Cytological Proof of Crossing Over
Linkage Maps (Two and Three Factor Crosses)
Difference Between Linkage and Crossing Over

4
Mutations and Chromosomal Aberrations

Learn about Mutations and Chromosomal Aberrations

Mutation – Types, Causes, Mechanisms, Agents, Importance
Types of Mutations
Numerical Chromosomal Changes: Euploidy, Polyploidy, Aneuploidy
Structural Chromosomal Changes: Deletions, Duplications, Inversions, Translocations

5
Plant Breeding

Learn about Plant Breeding

Plant Introduction
Modes of Reproduction and Pollination in Crop Plants
Plant Breeding
Undesirable consequences of plant breeding

6
Methods of Crop Improvement

Learn about Methods of Crop Improvement

Vavilov’s Centres of Origin of cultivated crop plants
Selection Methods For Self pollinated Plants – Breeding self-pollinated species
Breeding Methods for Cross-pollinated species
Mass Selection Method
Pureline Selection
Pedigree Method
Bulk Method
Backcross Method
Hybridization For Self, Cross and Vegetative Propagation in plants – Procedure, advantages, and limitations.

7
Quantitative Inheritance

Learn about Quantitative Inheritance

Polygenic Inheritance (Quantitative inheritance)

8
Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis

Learn about Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis

Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis

9
Crop Improvement and Breeding

Learn about Crop Improvement and Breeding

Polyploidy in Plant Breeding
Distant Hybridization
Mutation Breeding

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