Timelines Archive - Biology Notes Online

Agricultural Biotechnology Progress Timeline

Agricultural Biotechnology Progress Timeline Early Crop Domestication, 8000–6000 BCE, AncientHumans begin cultivating plants and domesticating animals, laying the foundation for agriculture Selective Breeding Practices, 4000 BCE, AncientEarly civilizations practice selective breeding to enhance desirable traits in plants and animals Gregor Mendel’s Genetic Laws, 1866, CEGregor Mendel publishes foundational work on inheritance patterns in pea plants … Read more

Gene Editing Innovations history timeline

Gene Editing Innovations history timeline Discovery of Restriction Enzymes, 1970, CEWerner Arber, Hamilton Smith, and Daniel Nathans discover enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences First Recombinant DNA Molecule Created, 1972, CEPaul Berg creates the first recombinant DNA by combining DNA from different species Gene Cloning Developed, 1975, CETechniques for cloning and amplifying specific DNA … Read more

Human Genome Project Milestones

Human Genome Project Milestones Here is a detailed timeline of the Human Genome Project (HGP), highlighting its major milestones: 1988: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Department of Energy (DOE) sign a memorandum of understanding to coordinate research and technical activities related to the human genome. 1990: The Human Genome Project officially begins … Read more

Recombinant DNA Technology history timeline

Recombinant DNA Technology history timeline Restriction Enzymes Discovered, 1970, CEWerner Arber, Hamilton Smith, and Daniel Nathans discover enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences First Recombinant DNA Molecule Created, 1972, CEPaul Berg creates the first recombinant DNA by combining DNA from different species Recombinant DNA in E. coli, 1973, CEHerbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen insert … Read more

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance history timeline

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance history timeline Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, 1865, CEGregor Mendel publishes “Experiments on Plant Hybridization,” establishing the foundational principles of inheritance Rediscovery of Mendel’s Work, 1900, CEHugo de Vries, Carl Correns, and Erich von Tschermak independently rediscover Mendel’s principles, reviving interest in genetics Chromosome Theory Proposed, 1902, CEWalter Sutton observes that chromosomes … Read more

Mendelian Inheritance history timeline

Mendelian Inheritance history timeline Here is a detailed academic timeline of the history of Mendelian inheritance, highlighting key milestones and their significance: 1856–1863: Gregor Mendel conducted hybridization experiments with pea plants (Pisum sativum) in the monastery garden in Brno. He observed patterns in the inheritance of traits, leading to the formulation of the principles of … Read more

CRISPR-Cas9: Timeline of key events

CRISPR-Cas9: Timeline of key events In December 1987, researchers Amemura, Ishino, Makino, Nakata, Shinagawa, Takase, and Wachi at Osaka University first published findings on the CRISPR mechanism, marking the foundational discovery in gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9. On 18 January 2000, scientists Mojica, Diez-Villasenor, Soria, and Juez at the University of Alicante and University Miguel Hernandez … Read more

Microscope History Timeline

Microscope History Timeline Nimrud Lens ~710 BCE Ancient Assyria Discovery of a rock crystal lens, possibly used as a magnifying glass or burning-glass. Early Optics Reading Stone ~1000 CE Medieval Period First vision aid called a “reading stone” created to magnify text. Early Optics Invention of Compound Microscope ~1590 CE Renaissance Hans and Zacharias Janssen … Read more

Marine biology timeline

History of marine biology timeline Title Date Era Description Category Aristotle’s Marine Observations 350 BCE Classical Antiquity Aristotle documents over 500 marine species, laying the foundation for marine biology. Foundational Work Phoenician Ocean Voyages 1200 BCE Ancient Civilizations Phoenicians begin ocean voyages using celestial navigation, marking early marine exploration. Early Exploration Jeanne Villepreux-Power Invents Aquarium … Read more

Biological Weapons History Timeline

Biological Weapons History Timeline Title Date Era Description Category Hittite Use of Tularemia 1500–1200 BCE Ancient Civilizations Hittites allegedly drove victims of tularemia into enemy lands, causing epidemics. Early Biological Warfare Siege of Caffa 1346 CE Medieval Period Mongols catapulted plague-infected bodies into Caffa, initiating the Black Death in Europe. Biological Warfare Pontiac’s Rebellion 1763 … Read more