State the functions of the structures – sepals, petals, stamens, filaments, anthers, carpels, style, stigma, ovary and ovules

Here are the functions of the various structures found in an insect-pollinated flower:

1. Sepals

• Function: Sepals are small, leaf-like structures that protect the flower bud before it opens. They support the petals once the flower blooms and can also help in protecting the reproductive parts from environmental factors.

2. Petals

• Function: Petals are often brightly colored and serve to attract pollinators such as insects. Their color and scent play a crucial role in enticing pollinators to visit the flower, facilitating the process of pollination.

3. Stamens (Male Reproductive Part)

• Filaments:
  • Function: The filament is a slender stalk that supports the anther, positioning it to effectively release pollen grains.
• Anthers:
  • Function: Anthers are located at the tips of the filaments and are responsible for producing and releasing pollen, which contains the male gametes necessary for fertilization.

4. Carpels (Female Reproductive Part)

• Style:
  • Function: The style is a slender stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary. It serves as a conduit for pollen tubes to grow down towards the ovary after pollination occurs.
• Stigma:
  • Function: The stigma is the sticky top part of the carpel that captures pollen grains during pollination. It provides a surface for pollen to adhere, initiating fertilization.
• Ovary:
  • Function: The ovary is located at the base of the carpel and contains one or more ovules. It is responsible for producing female gametes (ovules) and will develop into fruit after fertilization.
• Ovules:
  • Function: Ovules are found within the ovary and contain the female gametes (egg cells). After fertilization, ovules develop into seeds.

Summary Table