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Prions spread through several mechanisms depending on the type of prion disease. Ingesting contaminated food, such as beef infected with BSE, can lead to the spread of prions. The prions can then migrate from the digestive tract to the central nervous system. Prions can also spread through contaminated medical instruments, such as those used in surgeries or tissue transplants. In some cases, prions can be transmitted through exposure to infected bodily fluids or through inherited genetic mutations. The spread of prions is facilitated by their resistance to standard disinfection and sterilization procedures.
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