Nursing MCQ – Fundamental of Nursing

Question 1

What is the correct technique for donning sterile gloves?

Accepted Answer

Touch outside surface only

Answer

Touch inside surface only

Answer

Touch cuffs only

Answer

Avoid touching any surface except inner glove layer

Question 2

What is the main purpose of chest physiotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Mobilize secretions

Answer

Improve circulation

Answer

Increase appetite

Answer

Enhance immunity

Question 3

Which fluid type corrects extracellular volume deficit?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic

Answer

Hypotonic

Answer

Hypertonic

Answer

Colloid

Question 4

Which action prevents oxygen tubing kinking?

Accepted Answer

Ensure slack and proper routing

Answer

Tighten straps

Answer

Coil tubing under bed

Answer

Place under mattress

Question 5

Which documentation entry is unacceptable?

Accepted Answer

“Patient acting strange.”

Answer

“Patient denies pain.”

Answer

“Pt c/o headache.”

Answer

“Administered 5 mg morphine IM.”

Question 6

What does PERRLA assess?

Accepted Answer

Pupils

Answer

Cardiac rhythm

Answer

Respiratory effort

Answer

Reflexes

Question 7

Which position facilitates enema administration?

Accepted Answer

Left lateral Sims

Answer

Supine

Answer

Prone

Answer

Trendelenburg

Question 8

What is the key principle of atraumatic care?

Accepted Answer

Minimize physical stress

Answer

Use restraints

Answer

Limit family presence

Answer

Postpone procedures

Question 9

What is the correct phrase to obtain informed consent?

Accepted Answer

“Let me explain the procedure.”

Answer

“Sign here now.”

Answer

“You must agree.”

Answer

“Don’t worry.”

Question 10

What is the priority nursing diagnosis for acute pain?

Accepted Answer

Acute pain

Answer

Anxiety related to pain

Answer

Ineffective coping

Answer

Risk for injury

Question 11

Which lab value indicates infection?

Accepted Answer

WBC 12,000/mm³

Answer

WBC 4,000/mm³

Answer

WBC 7,000/mm³

Answer

WBC 2,500/mm³

Question 12

What is the recommended depth for adult chest compressions?

Accepted Answer

5–6 cm

Answer

2–3 cm

Answer

3–4 cm

Answer

6–7 cm

Question 13

Which quadrant is best for IM injection in adults?

Accepted Answer

Ventrogluteal

Answer

Dorsogluteal

Answer

Deltoid

Answer

Vastus lateralis

Question 14

Which action reduces cross-contamination in sterile field?

Accepted Answer

Keep hands above waist level

Answer

Turn back from field

Answer

Adjust equipment above field

Answer

Reach over sterile tray

Question 15

Which nutrient deficit impairs wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Iron

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 16

What is the role of a registered nurse in delegation?

Accepted Answer

Ensure competence before delegating

Answer

Perform all tasks

Answer

Assign tasks based strictly on job descriptions

Answer

Delegate freely

Question 17

Which documentation method organizes data by problem?

Accepted Answer

PIE charting

Answer

Narrative

Answer

Focus charting

Answer

SOAPIER

Question 18

What is the first technique in wound assessment?

Accepted Answer

Visual inspection

Answer

Smell inspection

Answer

Depth measurement

Answer

Palpation

Question 19

Which intervention promotes bowel elimination?

Accepted Answer

Encourage fluids

Answer

Restrict fiber

Answer

Bed rest

Answer

Antipyretic use

Question 20

What is the correct angle for intradermal injection?

Accepted Answer

10–15°

Answer

5°

Answer

30°

Answer

45°

Question 21

What does RACE stand for in fire response?

Accepted Answer

Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Extinguish

Answer

React, Alert, Contain, Exit

Answer

Rescue, Alert, Contain, Evacuate

Answer

React, Alarm, Control, Exit

Question 22

What is the correct order for vital signs measurement?

Accepted Answer

Temp, RR, Pulse, BP

Answer

Pulse, BP, RR, Temp

Answer

RR, Temp, Pulse, BP

Answer

BP, Temp, RR, Pulse

Question 23

Which action ensures patient confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Shred documents promptly

Answer

Discuss case in hallway

Answer

Leave chart open

Answer

Use initials on boards

Question 24

What is the minimum urine output per hour to indicate adequate renal perfusion?

Accepted Answer

30 mL

Answer

10 mL

Answer

20 mL

Answer

40 mL

Question 25

Which tool assesses risk for pressure ulcer development?

Accepted Answer

Braden scale

Answer

Morse scale

Answer

APGAR score

Answer

Glasgow coma scale

Question 26

Which nursing theory emphasizes self-care?

Accepted Answer

Orem’s

Answer

Peplau’s

Answer

Johnson’s

Answer

Watson’s

Question 27

Which term describes difficulty breathing when lying flat?

Accepted Answer

Orthopnea

Answer

Apnea

Answer

Dyspnea

Answer

Hyperpnea

Question 28

What is the correct action before administering any medication?

Accepted Answer

Check patient ID band

Answer

Prepare dose

Answer

Sign MAR

Answer

Review diagnosis

Question 29

What is the accepted adult oral temperature range?

Accepted Answer

36.5–37.5 °C

Answer

35.4–36.4 °C

Answer

37.6–38.6 °C

Answer

38.7–39.7 °C

Question 30

Which measure helps maintain skin integrity?

Accepted Answer

Applying moisturizer

Answer

Excessive bathing

Answer

Using harsh soaps

Answer

Tight linens

Question 31

Which of these is the priority action when observing a fire in a patient’s room?

Accepted Answer

Rescue patients

Answer

Activate alarm

Answer

Confine fire

Answer

Extinguish fire

Question 32

Which intervention reduces anxiety before surgery?

Accepted Answer

Offer clear explanations

Answer

Withhold information

Answer

Provide complete silence

Answer

Increase bright lighting

Question 33

What is therapeutic communication?

Accepted Answer

Engaging to meet patient needs

Answer

Nurse talks, patient listens

Answer

Using silence only

Answer

Avoiding eye contact

Question 34

What is the purpose of a care plan?

Accepted Answer

Guide individualized care

Answer

Replace medical orders

Answer

Serve as legal document only

Answer

Record past events

Question 35

What is the term for lifting using legs, not back?

Accepted Answer

Body mechanics

Answer

Logrolling

Answer

Trendelenburg

Answer

Ergonomics

Question 36

Which sign indicates hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Diaphoresis

Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Flushed skin

Answer

Dry mouth

Question 37

What is the correct sequence for donning PPE?

Accepted Answer

Gown, mask, goggles, gloves

Answer

Gloves, gown, mask, goggles

Answer

Mask, gown, gloves, goggles

Answer

Gown, gloves, goggles, mask

Question 38

Which technique helps prevent pressure ulcers?

Accepted Answer

Frequent repositioning

Answer

Strict bed rest

Answer

High-calorie diet only

Answer

Massage reddened areas

Question 39

What is orthostatic hypotension?

Accepted Answer

Sudden drop in BP on standing

Answer

High BP lying

Answer

High BP on standing

Answer

Low BP during activity

Question 40

Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for urinary retention?

Accepted Answer

Impaired urinary elimination

Answer

Risk for infection

Answer

Decreased cardiac output

Answer

Acute pain

Question 41

Which vital sign change signals early shock?

Accepted Answer

Narrowed pulse pressure

Answer

Decreased pulse

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Elevated temperature

Question 42

Which documentation entry is most complete?

Accepted Answer

“Pain 4/10, rates ice pack effective.”

Answer

“Patient resting.”

Answer

“BP 120/80.”

Answer

“Administered meds.”

Question 43

What is the primary goal of patient education?

Accepted Answer

Knowledge transfer

Answer

Persuasion

Answer

Entertainment

Answer

Compliance only

Question 44

Which ethical principle emphasizes doing good?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Answer

Nonmaleficence

Question 45

What is the correct angle for a subcutaneous injection?

Accepted Answer

45°

Answer

15°

Answer

60°

Answer

90°

Question 46

What is the best method to verify NG tube placement?

Accepted Answer

Check pH of aspirate

Answer

Auscultate air insufflation

Answer

Rely on length marking

Answer

Observe patient swallowing

Question 47

What does “aseptic technique” mean?

Accepted Answer

Preventing contamination

Answer

Using sterile gloves only

Answer

Wearing mask only

Answer

Cleaning surface only

Question 48

Which pain scale is appropriate for nonverbal patients?

Accepted Answer

FLACC scale

Answer

Numeric rating

Answer

Visual analog

Answer

Verbal descriptor

Question 49

Which nutrient is essential for tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Vitamins

Question 50

Which fluid balance sign indicates dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Tenting skin turgor

Answer

Bounding pulse

Answer

Moist mucous membranes

Answer

Weight gain

Question 51

What is the primary nursing action for a patient with shortness of breath?

Accepted Answer

Place in high Fowler’s

Answer

Offer fluids

Answer

Apply cold packs

Answer

Encourage ambulation

Question 52

What gauge needle is best for intramuscular injection in adults?

Accepted Answer

22–25 gauge

Answer

18–20 gauge

Answer

20–22 gauge

Answer

25–27 gauge

Question 53

What does SBAR stand for in communication?

Accepted Answer

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation

Answer

Summary, Brief, Action, Response

Answer

Situation, Brief, Action, Response

Answer

State, Background, Action, Report

Question 54

Which term describes difficulty swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Dysphagia

Answer

Aphasia

Answer

Dyspnea

Answer

Dysuria

Question 55

Which position is best for relieving pressure on the sacrum?

Accepted Answer

Lateral

Answer

Supine

Answer

Prone

Answer

Trendelenburg

Question 56

What is the first action when a patient falls?

Accepted Answer

Assess for injury

Answer

Resume care

Answer

Assist off floor

Answer

Document incident

Question 57

Which isolation precaution is required for tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Airborne

Answer

Contact

Answer

Droplet

Answer

Standard

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of hand hygiene?

Accepted Answer

Microbial removal

Answer

Skin hydration

Answer

Nail care

Answer

Scent removal

Question 59

What is the normal adult respiratory rate?

Accepted Answer

12–20 breaths/min

Answer

8–12 breaths/min

Answer

20–28 breaths/min

Answer

28–36 breaths/min

Question 60

Which step of the nursing process involves identifying patient needs?

Accepted Answer

Assessment

Answer

Planning

Answer

Implementation

Answer

Evaluation