Highlight the ten glycolytic enzymes

Hexokinase – phosphorylates glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, first committed step, traps glucose inside cell.

Phosphoglucose isomerase – converts glucose-6-phosphate into fructose-6-phosphate, reversible reaction.

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) – adds another phosphate, forms fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, major rate-limiting enzyme.

Aldolase – splits fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two 3-carbon sugars, DHAP and GAP.

Triose phosphate isomerase – interconverts dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP).

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) – oxidizes GAP, adds phosphate, forms 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.

Phosphoglycerate kinase – removes phosphate, forms ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate, first substrate-level phosphorylation.

Phosphoglycerate mutase – shifts phosphate from 3rd to 2nd carbon, creates 2-phosphoglycerate.

Enolase – removes water molecule, converts 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).

Pyruvate kinase – transfers phosphate from PEP to ADP, makes ATP and pyruvate, final step in glycolysis.