Recombinant DNA Technology history timeline

Recombinant DNA Technology history timeline

• Restriction Enzymes Discovered, 1970, CE
  Werner Arber, Hamilton Smith, and Daniel Nathans discover enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences

• First Recombinant DNA Molecule Created, 1972, CE
  Paul Berg creates the first recombinant DNA by combining DNA from different species

• Recombinant DNA in E. coli, 1973, CE
  Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen insert recombinant DNA into E. coli bacteria successfully

• Gene Cloning Developed, 1975, CE
  Techniques for cloning and amplifying specific DNA sequences are established

• First Genetically Modified Organism, 1974, CE
  Creation of the first GMO using recombinant DNA technology

• DNA Sequencing Techniques Invented, 1977, CE
  Fred Sanger develops rapid DNA sequencing methods for gene analysis

• PCR Invented, 1983, CE
  Kary Mullis invents Polymerase Chain Reaction, enabling rapid DNA amplification

• First Recombinant Human Insulin, 1982, CE
  Genentech produces the first recombinant human insulin used to treat diabetes

• Human Genome Project Launched, 1990, CE
  Global project begins to sequence the entire human genome using recombinant DNA methods

• CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing Developed, 2012, CE
  Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna develop CRISPR-Cas9 technology for precise genome editing