Gregor Mendel publishes "Experiments on Plant Hybridization
Carl Correns
Rediscovery of Mendel's Work
1900
Hugo de Vries
Multiple Events
2 Events in 1902
1902
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Multiple Events
2 Events in 1903
1903
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expanding understanding of chromosomal roles
Sex Chromosome Discovery
1905
Nettie Stevens identifies the X and Y chromosomes as determinants of sex in certain organisms
demonstrating the linear arrangement of genes on chromosomes
Linkage Mapping Developed
1911
Alfred Sturtevant constructs the first genetic linkage map in Drosophila melanogaster
correcting previous estimates and refining cytogenetic analysis
Chromosome Number in Humans Determined
1956
Joe Hin Tjio determines that humans have 46 chromosomes
confirming the chromosomal basis of inheritance at the molecular level
Human Genome Project Completed
2003
The Human Genome Project maps the entire human genome
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Chromosome Theory of Inheritance history timeline
Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, 1865, CE Gregor Mendel publishes “Experiments on Plant Hybridization,” establishing the foundational principles of inheritance
Rediscovery of Mendel’s Work, 1900, CE Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns, and Erich von Tschermak independently rediscover Mendel’s principles, reviving interest in genetics
Chromosome Theory Proposed, 1902, CE Walter Sutton observes that chromosomes segregate during meiosis consistent with Mendel’s laws, proposing the chromosomal basis of inheritance
Independent Confirmation by Boveri, 1902, CE Theodor Boveri shows all chromosomes are necessary for proper embryonic development in sea urchins, supporting the chromosome theory
Sutton’s Key Publication, 1903, CE Walter Sutton publishes “The Chromosomes in Heredity,” explaining how chromosome behavior during meiosis aligns with Mendelian inheritance
Integration with Mendelian Genetics, 1903, CE Boveri and Sutton independently propose genes are located on chromosomes, linking Mendel’s laws with chromosome behavior
Linkage Mapping Developed, 1911, CE Alfred Sturtevant creates the first genetic linkage map in fruit flies, showing the linear order of genes on chromosomes
Sex Chromosome Discovery, 1905, CE Nettie Stevens identifies X and Y chromosomes as sex determinants in some organisms
Chromosome Number in Humans Determined, 1956, CE Joe Hin Tjio determines humans have 46 chromosomes, correcting earlier estimates
Human Genome Project Completed, 2003, CE The Human Genome Project maps the entire human genome, confirming chromosomes as carriers of genetic information
