Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz Calculator - Biology Notes Online

Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (GHK) Equation Calculator

K
Calculated equilibrium potentials (Veq) for K+, Na+, and Cl- (read-only values)
VK
mV
VNa
mV
VCl
mV
Calculated electrochemical driving forces (VDF = Vm − Veq) (read-only values)
VDF,K
mV
VDF,Na
mV
VDF,Cl
mV
Units: fM = 1e-15 M, pM = 1e-12 M, nM = 1e-9 M, μM = 1e-6 M, mM = 1e-3 M, M = 1 M.
T must be in Kelvin. Outputs always in mV. Enter Vm to see driving forces. If Vm is blank, the GHK equation is used to calculate Vm.
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