O Level Biology 11 Views 1 Answers
State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: starch, cellulose and glycogen from glucose; proteins from amino acids; lipids from fatty acids and glycerol; DNA from nucleotides
State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: starch, cellulose and glycogen from glucose; proteins from amino acids; lipids from fatty acids and glycerol; DNA from nucleotides
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Large molecules, also known as macromolecules, are synthesized from smaller molecular units through various biochemical processes. Here are some key examples:
- Starch, Cellulose, and Glycogen: These polysaccharides are formed from glucose molecules.
- Starch serves as an energy storage molecule in plants.
- Cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls.
- Glycogen acts as an energy storage molecule in animals.
- Proteins: Proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids. The sequence and arrangement of these amino acids determine the protein’s structure and function.
- Lipids: Lipids, such as fats and oils, are formed from fatty acids and glycerol. These molecules play essential roles in energy storage, cellular structure, and signaling.
- DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is composed of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. DNA carries genetic information vital for the growth, development, and reproduction of living organisms.
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