is krebs cycle aerobic or anaerobic

The Krebs cycle is an aerobic pathway. Although oxygen is not directly utilized in any of the cycle’s reactions, it is essential for the oxidative phosphorylation process that follows. The NADH and FADH₂ produced during the Krebs cycle transfer electrons to the electron transport chain, where oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor. Without oxygen, the electron transport chain cannot function, preventing the regeneration of NAD⁺ and FAD, and consequently halting the Krebs cycle. Therefore, despite no direct oxygen use, the Krebs cycle operates only in aerobic conditions.