How are the diseases cystic fibrosis and albinism caused?

Cystic Fibrosis: Caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to the production of a defective CFTR protein that disrupts chloride ion transport, causing thick mucus buildup.
Albinism: Caused by mutations in genes responsible for melanin production, leading to a deficiency or absence of melanin in the skin, hair, and eyes.