Thin-section electron microscopy. Pineapples were assembled in perfusion chambers, fixed, stained with heavy metals, embedded, and thin sectioned.
Light microscopic images at 200× magnification of pineapple leaves acetone/water mixture pulp fibers: (a) 90 min; (b) 180 min; (c) 270 min; (d) 360 min; and (e) 450 min cooking time, at 3% acetone concentration.
microscopic view of pineapple pulp containing calcium oxalate crystals called raphides